期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
卷 53, 期 6, 页码 1950-1960出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15104
关键词
auditory; crossmodal plasticity; deafness; dendritic spine; pyramidal neuron
资金
- National Institutes of Health [NS039460]
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Studies on early-deaf cats have shown that dendritic plasticity occurs in the extrastriate visual cortex, with an increase in dendritic spine density and a decrease in spine head size. These changes are not limited to regions receiving auditory inputs, but rather reflect the distribution of visual features in the area.
Supranormal perceptual performance has been observed within the intact senses of early-deaf or blind humans and animals. For cortical areas deprived of their normal sensory input, numerous studies have shown that the lesioned modality is replaced by that of the intact sensory modalities through a process termed crossmodal plasticity. In contrast, little is known about the effects of loss of a particular sensory modality on the cortical representations of the remaining, intact sensory modalities. In the present study, an area of extrastriate visual cortex from early-deaf adult cats was examined for features of dendritic plasticity known to occur after early-deafness. Using light-microscopy of Golgi-stained pyramidal neurons from the posterolateral lateral suprasylvian (PLLS) cortex, dendritic spine density significantly increased (similar to 19%), while spine head size was slightly but significantly decreased (similar to 9%) following early hearing loss. Curiously, these changes were not localized to regions of the visual PLLS known to receive auditory inputs, but instead showed a broad pattern more reflective of the distribution of the area's visual features. Whereas hearing loss results in crossmodal plasticity in auditory cortices, the same peripheral lesion can also induce intramodal plasticity within representations of the intact sensory systems that may also contribute to supranormal performance.
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