Current Surgical Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic dermatologic condition that often necessitates surgical treatment. Surgical approaches vary substantially with little data on efficacy and safety. OBJECTIVE Summarize the literature on HS surgery with regards to patient characteristics, surgical approaches, and study quality. Compare postsurgical recurrence rates with a meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched for studies on surgical HS management published after 2004. A random effects meta-analysis of recurrence rates was performed on eligible studies. Results Of 715 identified studies, 59 were included in the review and 33 in the meta-analysis. Twenty-two studies of wide excision had the lowest pooled recurrence rate at 8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2%-16%); local excision had the highest at 34% (95% CI 24%-44%). For studies of wide/radical excision, flap repair had the lowest pooled recurrence rate at 0% (95% CI 0%-4%); delayed primary closure had the highest at 38% (95% CI 20%-59%). Conclusions Wide excision and flap-based reconstruction are associated with a lower postsurgical HS recurrence, although this must be balanced against potentially higher morbidity of extensive procedures. Heterogeneity and methodological limitations of the evidence limit the ability to make a strong conclusion about the relative recurrence rates associated with surgical techniques.

Automated summary

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic dermatologic condition that often requires surgical treatment. This study summarizes the literature on HS surgery, comparing different surgical approaches and their efficacy in terms of recurrence rates. It was found that wide excision and flap-based reconstruction are associated with lower postsurgical recurrence, but this must be balanced against the potentially higher morbidity of extensive procedures.