Fighting viruses with materials science: Prospects for antivirus surfaces, drug delivery systems and artificial intelligence

Objective. Viruses on environmental surfaces, in saliva and other body fluids represent risk of contamination for general population and healthcare professionals. The development of vaccines and medicines is costly and time consuming. Thus, the development of novel materials and technologies to decrease viral availability, viability, infectivity, and to improve therapeutic outcomes can positively impact the prevention and treatment of viral diseases. Methods. Herein, we discuss (a) interaction mechanisms between viruses and materials, (b) novel strategies to develop materials with antiviral properties and oral antiviral delivery systems, and (c) the potential of artificial intelligence to design and optimize preventive measures and therapeutic regimen. Results. The mechanisms of viral adsorption on surfaces are well characterized but no major breakthrough has become clinically available. Materials with fine-tuned physical and chemical properties have the potential to compromise viral availability and stability. Emerging strategies using oral antiviral delivery systems and artificial intelligence can decrease infectivity and improve antiviral therapies. Significance. Emerging viral infections are concerning due to risk of mortality, as well as psychological and economic impacts. Materials science emerges for the development of novel materials and technologies to diminish viral availability, infectivity, and to enable enhanced preventive and therapeutic strategies, for the safety and well-being of humankind. (C) 2020 The Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This article discusses the interaction mechanisms between viruses and materials, novel strategies in material development, and the potential of artificial intelligence in preventive and therapeutic measures. By fine-tuning the physical and chemical properties of materials, utilizing oral antiviral delivery systems, and leveraging artificial intelligence, infectivity can be reduced and antiviral therapies can be improved for the safety and well-being of humans.