Anti-diabetic effects of bioactive peptides: recent advances and clinical implications

Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes, is a major global health issue, the prevalence of which seems to be on the rise worldwide. Interventions such as healthy diet, physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and medication (for those with a diagnosis of diabetes) are among the most effective strategies to prevent and control diabetes. Three-quarters of patients diagnosed with diabetes are in countries with poor financial infrastructure, nutritional awareness and health care systems. Concomitantly, the cost involved in managing diabetes through the intake of antidiabetic drugs makes it prohibitive for majority of patients. Food protein-derived bioactive peptides have the potential of being formulated as nutraceuticals and drugs in combating the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of metabolic disorders with little or no known complications in humans. Coupled with lifestyle modifications, the potential of bioactive peptides to maintain normoglycemic range is actualized by influencing the activities of incretins, DPP-IV, alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase enzymes. This article discusses the biofunctionality and clinical implications of anti-diabetic bioactive peptides in controlling the global burden of diabetes.

Automated summary

Diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, is a significant global health issue with increasing prevalence worldwide. Healthy diet, physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and medication are effective strategies to prevent and control diabetes. Majority of diabetic patients reside in countries with poor healthcare systems and financial infrastructure, making diabetes management cost-prohibitive. Bioactive peptides derived from food proteins have the potential to be used as nutraceuticals and drugs in combating metabolic disorders without known complications. Coupled with lifestyle modifications, bioactive peptides can influence enzyme activities to maintain normal blood sugar levels.