期刊
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
卷 73, 期 3, 页码 E699-E709出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab004
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; serology; antibody; longitudinal
资金
- UK Government's Department of Health and Social Care
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at Oxford University in partnership with Public Health England (PHE) [NIHR200915]
- NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Oxford
- Medical Research Council [MR/N00065X/1]
- Wellcome Intermediate Fellowship [110 110/Z/15/Z]
- NIHR Oxford BRC Senior Fellow
- structural genomics consortium (SGC) [1097737]
- AbbVie
- Bayer Pharma AG
- Boehringer Ingelheim
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- Eshelman Institute for Innovation
- Genome Canada through Ontario Genomics Institute [OGI-055]
- Innovative Medicines Initiative (EU/EFPIA) (ULTRA-DD) [115766]
- Janssen
- Merck KGaA
- Darmstadt, Germany
- MSD
- Novartis Pharma AG
- Pfizer
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation-FAPESP
- Takeda
- Wellcome
- Kennedy Trust for Rheumatology Research
- Schmidt Foundation
- Wellcome Trust Clinical Career Development Fellow [214560/Z/18/Z]
- MRC [MC_UU_00008/6, MR/N00065X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
In this study, it was found that anti-nucleocapsid antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 decline within a few months, with higher titers associated with longer duration. On the other hand, anti-spike IgG remained stably detected. Factors such as age, ethnicity, and symptom presentation also had an impact on antibody levels.
Background. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody measurements can be used to estimate the proportion of a population exposed or infected and may be informative about the risk of future infection. Previous estimates of the duration of antibody responses vary. Methods. We present 6 months of data from a longitudinal seroprevalence study of 3276 UK healthcare workers (HCWs). Serial measurements of SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid and anti-spike IgG were obtained. Interval censored survival analysis was used to investigate the duration of detectable responses. Additionally, Bayesian mixed linear models were used to investigate anti-nucleocapsid waning. Results. Anti-spike IgG levels remained stably detected after a positive result, for example, in 94% (95% credibility interval [CrI] 91-96%) of HCWs at 180 days. Anti-nucleocapsid IgG levels rose to a peak at 24 (95% CrI 19-31) days post first polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive test, before beginning to fall. Considering 452 anti-nucleocapsid seropositive HCWs over a median of 121 days from their maximum positive IgG titer, the mean estimated antibody half-life was 85 (95% CrI 81-90) days. Higher maximum observed anti-nucleocapsid titers were associated with longer estimated antibody half-lives. Increasing age, Asian ethnicity, and prior self-reported symptoms were independently associated with higher maximum anti-nucleocapsid levels and increasing age and a positive PCR test undertaken for symptoms with longer anti-nucleocapsid half-lives. Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid antibodies wane within months and fall faster in younger adults and those without symptoms. However, anti-spike IgG remains stably detected. Ongoing longitudinal studies are required to track the long-term duration of antibody levels and their association with immunity to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.
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