Cadmium uptake and translocation: selenium and silicon roles in Cd detoxification for the production of low Cd crops: a critical review

Cadmium (Cd) is a primary contaminant in agricultural soils of the world. The ability of Cd uptake, transport, detoxification, and accumulation varies among different plant species and genotypes. Cd is translocated from soil to root by different transporters which are used for essential plant nutrient uptake. A number of strategies have been suggested for decreasing Cd toxicity in Cd contaminated soils. Recently, a lot of research have been carried out on minimizing Cd uptake through selenium (Se) and silicon (Si) applications. Both Se and Si have been reported to mitigate Cd toxicity in different crops. Vacuolar sequestration, formation of phytochelatins, and cell wall adsorption have been reported as effective mechanisms for Cd detoxification. The present review discussed past and current knowledge of literature to better understand Cd toxicity and its mitigation by adopting different feasible and practical approaches. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Cadmium is a major contaminant in agricultural soils worldwide, with varying abilities among different plant species and genotypes to uptake, transport, detoxify, and accumulate it. Strategies such as selenium and silicon applications have been suggested to decrease Cd toxicity, with mechanisms like vacuolar sequestration, formation of phytochelatins, and cell wall adsorption reported as effective for detoxification. This review discusses past and current literature to better understand Cd toxicity and its mitigation through different feasible and practical approaches.