期刊
CHEMICAL SENSES
卷 46, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaa074
关键词
retronasal olfaction; learning; odor discrimination
资金
- Lifelong Learning Machines (L2M) program at the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency/Microsystems Technology Office (DARPA/MTO) [HR0011-18-2-0024]
- National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) [R01 DC014367]
The study found that pre-exposing rats to odorants retronasally with positive or negative reinforcers could lead to a significant difference in learning rate between high- and low-vapor-pressure odorants, but this effect was not observed for novel odorants. This suggests that odorants may generate similar perceptual experiences in a volatility-dependent manner.
Although orthonasal odorants are often associated with the external environment, retronasal odorants are accompanied by consummatory behaviors and indicate an internal state of an animal. Our study aimed to examine whether the same odorants may generate a consistent perceptual experience when 2 olfactory routes potentiate variations in concentration in the nasal cavity and orosensory activation. A customized lick spout with vacuum removing odorants around the animal's nares was used to render a pure retronasal exposure experience. We found that pre-exposing rats to odorants retronasally with positive or negative reinforcers (sweet or bitter) lead to a significant learning rate difference between high- and low-vapor-pressure odorants. This effect was not observed for novel odorants, suggesting that odorants may generate similar perceptual quality in a volatility-dependent manner.
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