期刊
CEREBRAL CORTEX
卷 31, 期 4, 页码 1970-1986出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa334
关键词
directed functional connectivity; healthy aging; multivariate Granger causality; salience network; thalamus; weighted net causal outflow
资金
- NBRC Core funds, Ramalingaswami Fellowships (Department of Biotechnology, Government of India) [BT/RLF/Re-entry/07/2014]
- Department of Science and Technology (DST) Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India [SR/CSRI/21/2016]
- BT/MED-III/NBRC/Flagship/Program/2019
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) USA [R01 MH107549]
- UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/H008217/1]
- UK Medical Research Council
- University of Cambridge, UK
This study reveals the crucial role of subcortical nodes, specifically the thalamus, in the reorganization of neurocognitive networks within and between the brain during aging. The thalamus acts as a key causal hub, influencing both within-network and between-network connectivity, and plays a significant role in maintaining cognitive functioning with age. Additionally, the thalamus serves as a causal integrative hub, exhibiting substantial interactions with neurocognitive networks as individuals age, which was replicated in an independent dataset of young and old individuals.
A complete picture of how subcortical nodes, such as the thalamus, exert directional influence on large-scale brain network interactions across age remains elusive. Using directed functional connectivity and weighted net causal outflow on resting-state fMRI data, we provide evidence of a comprehensive reorganization within and between neurocognitive networks (default mode: DMN, salience: SN, and central executive: CEN) associated with age and thalamocortical interactions. We hypothesize that thalamus subserves both modality-specific and integrative hub role in organizing causal weighted outflow among large-scale neurocognitive networks. To this end, we observe that within-network directed functional connectivity is driven by thalamus and progressively weakens with age. Secondly, we find that age-associated increase in between CEN- and DMN-directed functional connectivity is driven by both the SN and the thalamus. Furthermore, left and right thalami act as a causal integrative hub exhibiting substantial interactions with neurocognitive networks with aging and play a crucial role in reconfiguring network outflow. Notably, these results were largely replicated on an independent dataset of matched young and old individuals. Our findings strengthen the hypothesis that the thalamus is a key causal hub balancing both within- and between-network connectivity associated with age and maintenance of cognitive functioning with aging.
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