期刊
CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY
卷 23, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13309
关键词
ASC; bacteria; cell death; danger-associated molecular patterns; homeostasis-altering molecular processes; inflammation; pattern-recognition receptors; pathogen-associated molecular patterns; potassium efflux
资金
- Australian National University
- Gretel and Gordon Bootes Medical Research Foundation
- National Health and Medical Research Council [APP1141504, APP1146864, APP1162025, APP1162103, APP1163358]
Inflammasomes are cytosolic innate immune complexes that assemble in mammalian cells in response to microbial components and endogenous danger signals. Bacterial toxins are a major family of inflammasome activators.
Inflammasomes are cytosolic innate immune complexes, which assemble in mammalian cells in response to microbial components and endogenous danger signals. A major family of inflammasome activators is bacterial toxins. Inflammasome sensor proteins, such as the nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptor (NLR) family members NLRP1b and NLRP3, and the tripartite motif family member Pyrin(+) efflux triggered by pore-forming toxins or by other toxin-induced homeostasis-altering events such as lysosomal rupture. Pyrin senses perturbation of host cell functions induced by certain enzymatic toxins resulting in impairment of RhoA GTPase activity. Assembly of the inflammasome complex activates the cysteine protease caspase-1, leading to the proteolytic cleavage of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and IL-18, and the pore-forming protein gasdermin D causing pyroptosis. In this review, we discuss the latest progress in our understanding on the activation mechanisms of inflammasome complexes by bacterial toxins and effector proteins and explore avenues for future research into the relationships between inflammasomes and bacterial toxins.
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