期刊
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
卷 126, 期 7, 页码 1065-1075出版社
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520005140
关键词
Carbohydrates; Carbohydrate-rich foods; Epidemiology; Malmo Diet and Cancer Study; Type 2 diabetes
资金
- Swedish Research Council [2016-01501]
- Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation [2016-0267, 2019-0555]
- Albert Pahlsson Foundation
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [IRC15-0067]
- Swedish Research Council [2016-01501] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
This study found that the intake of monosaccharides and fruits was negatively associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes, while the intake of disaccharides and sweets was positively associated. There were also additional sex-specific associations identified in the study. Further research is needed to explore these associations.
Dietary carbohydrates have long been expected to be associated with risk of type 2 diabetes; however, the associations for many carbohydrates and carbohydrate-rich foods remain inconclusive. This study analysed associations between intakes of six types of carbohydrates and thirteen carbohydrate-rich foods with incident type 2 diabetes in 26 622 participants (61 % women) in the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study in southern Sweden. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline (1991-1996) by using a modified diet history method. During mean follow-up of 18 years, 4046 cases were identified. Adjusting for potential confounders (including lifestyle, BMI and dietary factors), comparing highest v. lowest quintile of intake, monosaccharides (hazard ratio (HR) 0 center dot 88; 95 % CI 0 center dot 79, 0 center dot 98; P-trend = 0 center dot 02) and fruits (HR 0 center dot 91; 95 % CI 0 center dot 82, 1 center dot 01; P-trend = 0 center dot 03) were inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes, while disaccharides (HR 1 center dot 17; 95 % CI 1 center dot 04, 1 center dot 30; P-trend = 0 center dot 002) and sweets (HR 1 center dot 09; 95 % CI 1 center dot 00, 1 center dot 19; P-trend = 0 center dot 02) were positively associated. After stratification by sex, marmalade/honey/jam (HR 0 center dot 82; 95 % CI 0 center dot 72, 0 center dot 94; P-trend < 0 center dot 001) and vegetables (HR 0 center dot 85; 95 % CI 0 center dot 73, 0 center dot 98; P-trend = 0 center dot 06) were inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes in men and chocolate (HR 1 center dot 26; 95 % CI 1 center dot 09, 1 center dot 46; P-trend < 0 center dot 001) was positively associated in women. In conclusion, we identified inverse associations for intake of monosaccharides and fruits with type 2 diabetes risk, and positive associations for disaccharides and sweets. Additional sex-specific associations were also identified. Future studies are needed to explore these associations further.
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