Studies on physiochemical modifications on biologically important hydroxyapatite materials and their characterization for medical applications

Crystalline Hydroxyapatite (Ca10 (PO4)(6)(OH)(2)) non linear optical crystal plays a major role in biomedical applications. Crystalline Hydroxyapatite was synthesized using natural human bone sample by thermal methods. This Hydroxyapatite was characterized by Fourier Transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope, UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and conductivity studies. It was found that compared to bovine bone, the changes to the molecular structure associated with the mineral (carbonate) and the organic content (collagen) was good. The sintering methods showed that the synthesized Hydroxyapatite has remarkable heat stability up to 750 degrees C. The XRD and FTIR results showed a high purity of the synthesized HA powders, in terms of the electronic transitions, in UV-Vis which require a certain amount of energy it is proportional to the wavelength absorbed and absorption coefficient, the optical band energy of the natural human bone is found to be 4.65 eV and the electrical conductivity of the bone material is 9.11 x 10(-6) Omega(-1) cm(-1). Natural bone Hydroxyapatite gives superior results.