The P2Y/P2X divide: How it began

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Real-time measurement of adenosine and ATP release in the central nervous system

Nicholas Dale

Summary: This brief review discusses the development of biosensors for real-time measurement of ATP and adenosine during neural function, as well as their application in understanding neural activity and disease mechanisms.

PURINERGIC SIGNALLING (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

P2X7 is a cytotoxic receptor horizontal ellipsis .maybe not: implications for cancer

Francesco Di Virgilio

Summary: The tumor microenvironment is rich in extracellular ATP, which affects cancer and immune cell responses through P2 receptors, particularly P2X7. The purinergic hypothesis proposed by Geoff Burnstock sparked innovative research in the field and provided a framework for interpreting numerous experimental findings. This appraisal highlights the influence of Geoff's inspiration on cancer studies and emphasizes the crucial role of the P2X7 receptor in investigations.

PURINERGIC SIGNALLING (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Nociceptive signaling of P2X receptors in chronic pain states

Kazuhide Inoue

Summary: P2X3Rs, P2X2/3Rs, and P2X4Rs play important roles in neuropathic pain, with P2X4Rs in spinal microglia being particularly significant for drug development. Recent studies have developed novel antagonists for P2X4Rs, with promising results in clinical trials demonstrating their safety and efficacy.

PURINERGIC SIGNALLING (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Geoffery Burnstock's influence on the evolution of P2X3 receptor pharmacology

Michael F. Jarvis

PURINERGIC SIGNALLING (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Update of P2X receptor properties and their pharmacology: IUPHAR Review 30

Peter Illes et al.

Summary: P2X receptors are cationic channels consisting of seven different subunits, with researchers having determined their structure and function. In addition, primitive ligand-gated counterparts related to P2X receptors have been cloned, and various selective antagonists have been discovered.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases and ecto-5′-nucleotidase in purinergic signaling: how the field developed and where we are now

Herbert Zimmermann

Summary: Geoffrey Burnstock is recognized for establishing a new field of intercellular communication through nucleotide signaling. Purinergic signaling involves intracellular storage, release, extracellular hydrolysis of nucleotides, and their effects on target tissues. Ectonucleotidases play key roles in inactivating nucleotides, generating active hydrolysis products, and facilitating nucleoside recycling.

PURINERGIC SIGNALLING (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Purinergic signalling in spinal pain processing

Theresa H. Tam et al.

Summary: Purinergic signaling plays important roles in somatosensory and nociceptive transmission in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, mediating both physiological and pathological pain processing. Additionally, there is evidence of sexual dimorphism in the involvement of purinergic signaling in pain, with P2X4 receptors being implicated in pain hypersensitivity primarily in males.

PURINERGIC SIGNALLING (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy