期刊
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
卷 647, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
EDP SCIENCES S A
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039554
关键词
galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; galaxies: clusters: general; X-rays: galaxies: clusters; intergalactic medium
资金
- Russian Space Agency (Roskosmos)
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE)
- DLR
- Max Planck Society
- FIRST program from the Japanese Cabinet Office
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
- Toray Science Foundation
- NAOJ
- Kavli IPMU
- KEK
- ASIAA
- Princeton University
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX08AR22G]
- National Science Foundation [AST-1238877]
- European Research Council
- NOVA
- NWO
- CNRS-INSU
- SURF Co-operative
- UK Science and Technology Funding Council
- Julich Supercomputing Centre
- DFG [415510302]
- ERC [714245]
- MIUR grant FARE SMS
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [390833306]
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan
- JSPS KAKENHI [JP19KK0076]
- VIDI [639.042.729]
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)
- ERC Starting Grant ClusterWeb [804208]
- INAF
- European Research Council (ERC) [804208] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
The study explores the X-ray, optical, and radio properties of the member clusters of a newly discovered supercluster. It shows the potential of eROSITA to probe large-scale structures and their properties, with the ability to detect a large number of superclusters for statistical studies. Follow-up observations reveal two new radio relics and a radio halo resulting from major merger activity in the system.
Aims. We examine the X-ray, optical, and radio properties of the member clusters of a new supercluster discovered during the SRG/eROSITA Performance Verification phase.Methods. We analyzed the 140 deg(2) eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS) field observed during the Performance Verification phase to a nominal depth of about 2.3 ks. In this field, we detect a previously unknown supercluster consisting of a chain of eight galaxy clusters at z similar to 0.36. The redshifts of these members were determined through Hyper Suprime-Cam photometric measurements. We examined the X-ray morphological and dynamical properties, gas, and total mass out to R-500 of the members and compare these with the same properties of the general population of clusters detected in the eFEDS field. We further investigated the gas in the bridge region between the cluster members for a potential WHIM detection. We also used radio follow-up observations with LOFAR and uGMRT to search for diffuse emission and constrain the dynamic state of the system.Results. We do not find significant differences between the morphological parameters and properties of the intra-cluster medium of the clusters embedded in this large-scale filament and those of the eFEDS clusters. We also provide upper limits on the electron number density and mass of the warm-hot intergalactic medium as provided by the eROSITA data. These limits are consistent with previously reported values for the detections in the vicinity of clusters of galaxies. In LOFAR and uGMRT follow-up observations of the northern part of this supercluster, we find two new radio relics and a radio halo that are the result of major merger activity in the system.Conclusions. These early results show the potential of eROSITA to probe large-scale structures such as superclusters and the properties of their members. Our forecasts show that we will be able to detect about 450 superclusters, with approximately 3000 member clusters located in the eROSITA_DE region at the final eROSITA all-sky survey depth, enabling statistical studies of the properties of superclusters and their constituents embedded in the cosmic web.
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