Organic Azides: Versatile Synthons in Transition Metal-Catalyzed C(sp2)-H Amination/Annulation for N-Heterocycle Synthesis

Organic azides are highly reactive, which have long established as versatile building blocks in the assembly of structurally diverse N-containing heterocycles. The conversion of organic azides into high-value compounds is of great importance and a subject of enormous current interest. Transition metal-catalyzed C(sp(2))-H amination/annulation of organic azides provides a powerful tool for the transformation of organic azides into a wide range of biologically important heterocyclic frameworks. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent progress on organic azides-mediated C(sp(2))-H amination/annulation for N-heterocycle synthesis enabled by transition metal catalysts. Representative strategies are discussed in detail, including catalytic systems, reaction scopes, limitations and mechanisms.

Automated summary

Organic azides, as highly reactive building blocks, are widely used in the assembly of N-containing heterocycles. Transition metal-catalyzed C(sp(2))-H amination/annulation of organic azides provides a powerful tool for the synthesis of biologically important heterocyclic frameworks. Progress on organic azides-mediated C(sp(2))-H amination/annulation for N-heterocycle synthesis enabled by transition metal catalysts is discussed in this review.