期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 12, 期 50, 页码 55844-55855出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15882
关键词
lithium-ion batteries; two-dimensional; silicon nanoparticles; pitch; low-temperature molten salt
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21875253]
Various strategies have been developed to mitigate the huge volume expansion of a silicon-based anode during the process of (de)lithiation and accelerate the transport rate of the ions/electrons for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Here, we report a one-step synthetic route through a low-temperature eutectic molten salt (LiCl-KCl, 352 degrees C) to fabricate two-dimensional (2D) silicon-carbon hybrids (Si@SiOx@MpC), in which the silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) with an ultrathin SiOx layer are fully encapsulated by graphene-like carbon nanosheets derived from a low-cost mesophase pitch. The combination of an amorphous graphene-like carbon conductive matrix and a SiOx protective layer strongly promotes the electrical conductivity, structure stability, and reaction kinetics of the SiNPs. Consequently, the optimized SipSiO(x)@MpC-2 anode delivers large reversible capacity (1239 mAh g(-1) at 1.0 A g(-1)), superior rate performance (762 mAh g(-1) at 8 A g(-1)), and long cycle life over 600 cycles (degradation rate of only 0.063% every cycle). When coupled with a homemade nano- LiFePO4 cathode in a full cell, it exhibits a promising energy density of 193.5 Wh kg(-1) and decent cycling stability for 200 cycles at 1C. The methodology driven by salt melt synthesis paves a low-cost way toward simple fabrication and manipulation of silicon-carbon materials in liquid media.
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