期刊
ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS
卷 31, 期 -, 页码 164-171出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2020.06.011
关键词
Lithium-sulfur battery; X-ray computed tomography; In situ visualization; Designed sulfur cathode; Electrochemical performance
资金
- EPSRC [EP/P02467X/1, EP/S018204/2, EP/N032888/1]
- Royal Society [RG160661, IES\R3\170097]
- Newton Fellowship [NF170761]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51632001]
- Royal Academy of Engineering
- China Scholarship Council (CSC)
- EPSRC [EP/S018204/2, EP/P02467X/1, EP/N032888/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have high theoretical energy density, exceeding that of the lithium-ion batteries. However, their practical applications are hindered by the capacity decay due to lithium polysulfide shuttle effect and sulfur volume expansion. Here, we design a S@hollow carbon with porous shell/MnOx(S@HCS/MnOx) cathode to accommodate and immobilize sulfur and polysulfides, and develop a non-destructive technique X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) to in situ visualize the volume expansion of Li-S cathode. The designed cathode achieves a specific capacity of similar to 1100 mAh g(-1) at 0.2 C with a fade rate of 0.18% per cycle over 300 cycles. The X-ray CT shows that only 16% volume expansion and 70% volume fraction of solid sulfur remaining in the S@HCS/MnOx cathode, superior to the commercial cathode with 40% volume expansion and 5% volume remaining of solid sulfur particles. This is the first reported visualization evidence for the effectiveness of hollow carbon structure in accommodating cathode volume expansion and immobilizing sulfur shuffling. X-ray CT can serve as a powerful in situ tool to trace the active materials and then feedback to the structure design, which helps develop efficient and reliable energy storage systems.
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