期刊
AGRONOMY-BASEL
卷 10, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10081196
关键词
endophytic bacteria; phytoremediation; petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil; inoculation; pre-inoculation; green fluorescent protein; plant growth-promoting bacteria
资金
- National Science Centre [2013/09/N/NZ9/01606]
- BOF-BILA grant from Hasselt University
- UHasselt Methusalem project [08M03VGRJ]
- European Community from the European Social Fund
Endophyte-enhanced phytodegradation is a promising technology to clean up polluted soils. To improve the success rate of this nature-based remediation approach, it is important to advance the inoculation method as this has been shown to strongly affect the final outcome. However, studies evaluating inoculation strategies and their effect on hydrocarbon degradation are limited. This study aims to investigate two different manners of endophyte inoculation inLolium perennegrowing in an aged petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil: (1) direct soil inoculation (SI), and (2) pre-inoculation of the caryopses followed by soil inoculation (PI). Different endophytic bacterial strains,Rhodococcus erythropolis5WK andRhizobiumsp. 10WK, were applied individually as well as in combination. Depending on the method of inoculation, the petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) degradation potential was significantly different. The highest PHC removal was achieved after pre-inoculation of ryegrass caryopses with a consortium of both bacterial strains. Moreover, both strains established in the aged-polluted soil and could also colonize the roots and shoots ofL. perenne. Importantly, used endophytes showed the selective colonization of the environment compartments. Our findings show that the method of inoculation determines the efficiency of the phytodegradation process, especially the rate of PHC degradation. This study provides valuable information for choosing the most cost-effective and beneficial means to optimize phytodegradation.
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