Evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities ofCissus rotundifolia(Forssk.) leaves extract obtained by ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions

In this study, the antibacterial and antioxidant activities ofCissus rotundifolialeaves extract were evaluated. The active compounds of plant leaves were extracted by using ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions. Yield, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities were determined. In addition to six strains of gram-positive and negative bacteria were used for testing antibacterial activities of the plants' extracts. The obtained results demonstrated that extraction of active compounds by using ultrasonic-assisted extraction was more efficient. The dry yield and total phenol compounds of extract were 29.97% and 82.87 mg GAE/g DE, respectively. The antibacterial activities of the extracts were tested against two types of bacteria, Gram-positive strains:Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus, andStreptococcus agalactiae, and Gram-negative strains:Escherichia coli,Salmonella typhimurium, andPseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that leaves extract was more effective against Gram-negative bacterial strains. The concentrations of minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal of the leaves extract againstS.typhimurium,E. coliandP. aeruginosa(Gram-negative bacteria) were at concentrations of 10, 20 and 20 mg/mL, respectively. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothioline-6-sulphonic acid)-diammonium salt (ABTS) scavenging activities at a concentration of 2 mg/mL were 90.94% and 98.20%, respectively, while the IC(50)was achieved at concentrations of 0.475 and 0.790 mg/mL, respectively. The leaves extract has high antibacterial and antioxidant activities; therefore, it could be a rich source of natural antibacterial and antioxidants for several food and therapeutic applications.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Cissus rotundifolia leaves extract, demonstrating its greater effectiveness against Gram-negative bacterial strains.