Overview of seismic methods for urban underground space

The development of urban underground space (UUS) has become an effective way to solve the problem of urban space. Seismic methods have achieved good results in underground engineering construction, active fault detection, urban geologic structure detection, and other fields. Active source seismic methods in UUS include reflection methods, refraction methods, surface wave methods, andvertical seismic profile methods. Interest in the ambient noise method is also rising gradually, with it becoming an important method of urban underground space detection in the future because it overcomes the problem that the active source method is interfered with by urban noise. We evaluate these methods and develop application examples of UUS.