期刊
GENES
卷 11, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/genes11111239
关键词
horizontal gene transfer; conjugation in Gram-negative bacteria; phenotypic conversion; drug-resistance dissemination; bacterial biofilms; mobile plasmids; F plasmid
资金
- French National Research Agency [ANR-18-CE35-0008, ANR-19-ARMB-0006-01]
- University of Lyon
- Schlumberger Foundation for Education and Research (FSER 2019)
- Foundation for Innovation in Infectiology FINOVI (AO-2014)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-18-CE35-0008] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
Bacterial conjugation, also referred to as bacterial sex, is a major horizontal gene transfer mechanism through which DNA is transferred from a donor to a recipient bacterium by direct contact. Conjugation is universally conserved among bacteria and occurs in a wide range of environments (soil, plant surfaces, water, sewage, biofilms, and host-associated bacterial communities). Within these habitats, conjugation drives the rapid evolution and adaptation of bacterial strains by mediating the propagation of various metabolic properties, including symbiotic lifestyle, virulence, biofilm formation, resistance to heavy metals, and, most importantly, resistance to antibiotics. These properties make conjugation a fundamentally important process, and it is thus the focus of extensive study. Here, we review the key steps of plasmid transfer by conjugation in Gram-negative bacteria, by following the life cycle of the F factor during its transfer from the donor to the recipient cell. We also discuss our current knowledge of the extent and impact of conjugation within an environmentally and clinically relevant bacterial habitat, bacterial biofilms.
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