期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY
卷 29, 期 4, 页码 397-404出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000342
关键词
brain plasticity; brain rhythms; closed-loop brain stimulation; noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation (NTBS); open-loop brain stimulation; state dependence
资金
- Lundbeck Foundation [R59 A5399]
- Novo Nordisk Foundation [NNF14OC0011413]
- Lundbeck Foundation [R118-2012-11308] Funding Source: researchfish
- Novo Nordisk Fonden [NNF14OC0011413] Funding Source: researchfish
Purpose of review To discuss recent strategies for boosting the efficacy of noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation to improve human brain function. Recent findings Recent research exposed substantial intra-and inter-individual variability in response to plasticity-inducing transcranial brain stimulation. Trait-related and state-related determinants contribute to this variability, challenging the standard approach to apply stimulation in a rigid, one-size-fits-all fashion. Several strategies have been identified to reduce variability and maximize the plasticity-inducing effects of noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation. Priming interventions or paired associative stimulation can be used to 'standardize' the brain-state and hereby, homogenize the group response to stimulation. Neuroanatomical and neurochemical profiling based on magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy can capture trait-related and state-related variability. Fluctuations in brain-states can be traced online with functional brain imaging and inform the timing or other settings of transcranial brain stimulation. State-informed open-loop stimulation is aligned to the expression of a predefined brain state, according to prespecified rules. In contrast, adaptive closed-loop stimulation dynamically adjusts stimulation settings based on the occurrence of stimulation-induced state changes. Summary Approaches that take into account trait-related and state-related determinants of stimulation-induced plasticity bear considerable potential to establish noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation as interventional therapeutic tool.
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