期刊
BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
卷 15, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12874-015-0034-x
关键词
Meta-analysis; 2x2 tables; Heterogeneity test; Interaction test; Fixed effect model; Random effects model
资金
- Medical Research Council [G0501986]
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/L011859/1]
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/L011859/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0501986] Funding Source: researchfish
- ESRC [ES/L011859/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [G0501986] Funding Source: UKRI
Background: A frequently used statistic for testing homogeneity in a meta-analysis of K independent studies is Cochran's Q. For a standard test of homogeneity the Q statistic is referred to a chi-square distribution with K - 1 degrees of freedom. For the situation in which the effects of the studies are logarithms of odds ratios, the chi-square distribution is much too conservative for moderate size studies, although it may be asymptotically correct as the individual studies become large. Methods: Using a mixture of theoretical results and simulations, we provide formulas to estimate the shape and scale parameters of a gamma distribution to fit the distribution of Q. Results: Simulation studies show that the gamma distribution is a good approximation to the distribution for Q. Conclusions: Use of the gamma distribution instead of the chi-square distribution for Q should eliminate inaccurate inferences in assessing homogeneity in a meta-analysis. (A computer program for implementing this test is provided.) This hypothesis test is competitive with the Breslow-Day test both in accuracy of level and in power.
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