期刊
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
卷 333, 期 -, 页码 269-278出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.08.013
关键词
Uranium; Arsenic; Oxidative stress; DNA damage; Immunotoxicity; T-lymphocyte
类别
资金
- National Institutes of Health [1R01ES021100]
- UNM Center for Native Environmental Health Equity [1P50ES026102]
- NIEHS/NIMHD [P50ES026102]
- USEPA [83615701]
- METALS Superfund Research Center [5P42ES025589-02]
- UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center NCI [2P30 CA118100]
- Academic Science Education and Research Training (ASERT) Program [5K12GM088021-08]
- PREP/Fly Base fellowship from the National Institutes of Health [5R25HG007630]
Elevated levels of arsenic and uranium have been detected in water sources near abandoned uranium mines in the Southwest. Evidence suggests uranium exposure increases the likelihood of immune dysfunction and this study investigates the impact of arsenic and uranium on human immune cell lines. Concentration-dependent cytotoxicity occurred following exposure to arsenite, whereas cells remained viable after 48-h treatment with up to 100 mu M uranyl acetate despite uptake of uranium into cells. Arsenite stimulated an oxidative stress response as detected by Nrf-2 nuclear accumulation and induction of HMOX-1 and NQO1, which was not detected with up to 30 mu M uranyl acetate. Cellular oxidative stress can promote DNA damage and arsenite, but not uranium, stimulated DNA damage as measured by pH2AX. Arsenic enhanced the cytotoxic response to etoposide suggesting an inhibition of DNA repair, unlike uranium. Similarly, uranium did not inhibit PARP-1 activity. Because uranium reportedly stimulates oxidative stress, DNA damage and cytotoxicity in adherent epithelial cells, the current study suggests distinct cell type differences in response to uranium that may relate to generation of oxidative stress and associated downstream consequences. Delineating the actions of uranium across different cell targets will be important for understanding the potential health effects of uranium exposures.
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