TGFβ-Directed Therapeutics: 2020

The transforming growth factor-beta (TGFS) pathway is essential during embryo development and in maintaining normal homeostasis. During malignancy, the TGFS pathway is co-opted by the tumor to increase fibrotic stroma, to promote epithelial to mesenchymal transition increasing metastasis and producing an immunesuppressed microenvironment which protects the tumor from recognition by the immune system. Compelling preclinical data demonstrate the therapeutic potential of blocking TGFS function in cancer. However, the TGFS pathway cannot be described as a driver of malignant disease. Two small molecule kinase inhibitors which block the serine-threonine kinase activity of TGFSRI on TGFSRII, a pan-TGFS neutralizing antibody, a TGFS trap, a TGFS antisense agent, an antibody which stabilizes the latent complex of TGFS and a fusion protein which neutralizes TGFS and binds PD-L1 are in clinical development. The challenge is how to most effectively incorporate blocking TGFS activity alone and in combination with other therapeutics to improve treatment outcome. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Automated summary

The TGFS pathway plays a crucial role in cancer and has the potential to be a therapeutic target. Various drugs are currently in clinical development, but the challenge lies in effectively incorporating these drugs to improve treatment outcomes.