URINE BIOMARKER ASSESSMENT OF INFANT ADHERENCE TO ISONIAZID PROPHYLAXIS

We assessed adherence in an infant tuberculosis prevention trial in Kenya with a urine isoniazid metabolite-detecting dipstick. Ninety-seven infants had 155 assays performed: 77 (49.7%) were found to be positive despite caregiver-reported adherence. Positive assays were associated with maternal secondary education, HIV suppression and no reported missed doses in past 3 days, suggesting caregiver education and self-medication use influenced infant adherence.

Automated summary

In an infant tuberculosis prevention trial in Kenya, urine isoniazid metabolite-detecting dipsticks were used to assess adherence. Positive test results were associated with maternal secondary education, HIV suppression, and no reported missed doses in the past 3 days, suggesting caregiver education and self-medication influenced infant adherence.