Few-cycle pulses tunable from 3 to 7 μm via intrapulse difference-frequency generation in oxide LGN crystals

An ultrashort mid-infrared (IR) source beyond 5 mu m is crucial for a plethora of existing and emerging applications in spectroscopy, medical diagnostics, and high-field physics. Nonlinear generation of such sources from well-developed near-IR lasers, however, remains a challenge due to the limitation of mid-IR crystals. Based on oxide La3Ga5.5Nb0.5O14 (LGN) crystals, here we report the generation of femtosecond pulses tunable from 3 to 7 mu m by intrapulse difference-frequency generation of 7.5 fs, 800 nm pulses. The efficiency and bandwidth dependences on pump polarization and crystal length are studied for both Type-I and Type-II phase-matching configurations. Maximum pulse energy of similar to 10 nJ is generated at 5.2 mu m with a conversion efficiency of similar to 0.14%. Because of the few-cycle pump pulse duration, the generated mid-IR pulses are as short as about three cycles. These results, to the best of our knowledge, represent the first experimental demonstration of LGN in generating mid-IR ultrashort pulses. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America