期刊
NEUROIMAGE
卷 225, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117502
关键词
MRI; Volumetry; Grey matter volume; Bain plasticity; Visual acuity; Ocular dominance plasticity
资金
- BMBF [16SV7209, 01GQ0923, 0315581]
- DFG [FOR 1738, WI 830/102, 830/12-1]
- TMWWDG (ProExellenz, RegenerAging) [FSUI-03/14]
Volumetric magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown that intense learning can lead to grey matter volume increases in adult brains. In a study with rats, it was found that use-dependent grey matter increases were primarily associated with swelling of astrocytes rather than other mechanisms, indicating structural plasticity involving synaptic and astrocytic remodeling.
Volumetric magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown that intense learning can be associated with grey matter volume increases in the adult brain. The underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we used monocular deprivation in rats to analyze the mechanisms underlying use-dependent grey matter increases. Optometry for quantification of visual acuity was combined with volumetric magnetic resonance imaging and microscopic techniques in longitudinal and cross-sectional studies. We found an increased spatial vision of the open eye which was associated with a transient increase in the volumes of the contralateral visual and lateral entorhinal cortex. In these brain areas dendrites of neurons elongated, and there was a strong increase in the number of spines, the targets of synapses, which was followed by spine maturation and partial pruning. Astrocytes displayed a transient pronounced swelling and underwent a reorganization of their processes. The use-dependent increase in grey matter corresponded predominantly to the swelling of the astrocytes. Experience-dependent increase in brain grey matter volume indicates a gain of structure plasticity with both synaptic and astrocyte remodeling.
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