Genetic investigation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients in south Italy: a two-decade analysis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial disease characterized by the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. In the majority of cases, ALS is sporadic, whereas familial forms occur in less than 10% of patients. Herein, we present the results of molecular analyses performed in a large cohort of Italian ALS patients, focusing on novel and already described variations in ALS-linked genes. Our analysis revealed that more than 10% of tested patients carried a mutation in one of the major ALS genes, with C9orf72 hexanucleotide expansion being the most common mutation. In addition, our study confirmed a significant association between ALS patients carrying the ATNX-1 intermediate repeat and the pathological C9orf72 expansion, supporting the involvement of this risk factor in neuronal degeneration. Overall, our study broadens the known mutational spectrum in ALS and provides new insights for a more accurate view of the genetic pattern of the disease. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

ALS is a multifactorial disease influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, with sporadic cases being more common than familial forms. More than 10% of Italian ALS patients tested were found to have mutations in major ALS genes, with C9orf72 hexanucleotide expansion being the most common. The study also confirmed a significant association between ALS patients carrying the ATNX-1 intermediate repeat and the pathological C9orf72 expansion.