Exosomes derived from HEK293T cells interact in an efficient and noninvasive manner with mammalian spermin vitro

Aim:To investigate exosomes as a noninvasive delivery tool for mammalian sperm.Materials & Methods:Exosomes were isolated from HEK293T cells and co-incubated with boar spermin vitro.Results: Internalised exosomes were detected within 10 min of co-incubation. Computer-assisted sperm analysis and flow cytometry demonstrated that even after 5-h of exposure to exosomes, there were no significant deleterious effects with regard to sperm motility, viability, membrane integrity and mitochondrial membrane potential (p > 0.05), thus indicating that exosomes did not interfere with basic sperm function.Conclusion:HEK293T-derived exosomes interacted with boar sperm without affecting sperm function. Exosomes represent a versatile and promising research tool for studying sperm biology and provide new options for the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.