期刊
MOLECULES
卷 25, 期 20, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204761
关键词
essential oils; GC-MS analysis; antifungal activity; synergistic activity; vapor phase
资金
- Italian Ministry of Economic Development [MISE 01/06/2016]
The aim of this work was to evaluate the antifungal activity in vapor phase of thymol, p-cymene, and gamma-terpinene, the red thyme essential oil compounds (RTOCs). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of RTOCs was determined against postharvest spoilage fungi of the genera Botrytis, Penicillium, Alternaria, and Monilinia, by measuring the reduction of the fungal biomass after exposure for 72 h at 25 degrees C. Thymol showed the lowest MIC (7.0 mu g/L), followed by gamma-terpinene (28.4 mu g/L) and p-cymene (40.0 mu g/L). In the case of P. digitatum ITEM 9569, resistant to commercial RTO, a better evaluation of interactions among RTOCs was performed using the checkerboard assay and the calculation of the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI). During incubation, changes in the RTOCs concentration were measured by GC-MS analysis. A synergistic effect between thymol (0.013 +/- 0.003 L/L) and gamma-terpinene (0.990 +/- 0.030 L/L) (FICI = 0.50) in binary combinations, and between p-cymene (0.700 +/- 0.010 L/L) and gamma-terpinene (0.290 +/- 0.010 L/L) in presence of thymol (0.008 +/- 0.001 L/L) (FICI = 0.19), in ternary combinations was found. The synergistic effect against the strain P. digitatum ITEM 9569 suggests that different combinations among RTOCs could be defined to control fungal strains causing different food spoilage phenomena.
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