Large-Scale Noncovalent Functionalization of 2D Materials through Thermally Controlled Rotary Langmuir-Schaefer Conversion

As two-dimensional (2D) materials are more broadly utilized components of hybridas materials,controlling their surface chemistry over large areas through nanocovalent functionalization becomes increasingly important. Here, we demonstrate a thermally controlled rotary transfer stage hat allows areas of a 2D material to be continuously cycled into contact with a Langmuir film. This approach enables functionalization of large areas of the 2D material and simultaneously improves long-range ordering, achieving ordered domain areas up to nearly 10 000 mu m(2). To highlight, the layer-by-layer processing capability of the rotary transfer stage, large-area noncovalently adsorbed monolayer films from an initial rotary cycle were used as templates to assemble ultranarrow gold nano wires from solution. The process we demonstrate would be readily extensible to roll-to-roll processing, addressing a longstanding challenge in scaling Langmuir-Schaefer transfer for practical applications.