TonB-Dependent Receptors Affect the Spontaneous Oxytetracycline Resistance Evolution in Aeromonas hydrophila

It is well known that most microbial populations develop their intrinsic antibiotics resistance at low concentrations in antibiotics environments, but the factors influencing spontaneous resistance are still largely unknown. In this study, Aeromonas hydrophila strains with different resistance levels to oxytetracycline (OXY) were induced by sublethal antibiotic selection pressure, and differential expression of proteins was compared among them using iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics. Our following bioinformatic analysis showed that energy metabolism-related proteins were downregulated, while several iron-related proteins were upregulated in high OXY-resistant strains. To further investigate the role of spontaneous OXY resistance evolution, four TonB-dependent receptor-coded genes were deleted, and their OXY susceptibility capabilities and antibiotic evolutionary assays were performed, respectively. Our results showed that the deletion of these genes did not affect the susceptibility to OXY, but showed different evolution rates in the spontaneous OXY evolution compared with wildtype strain, especially for AHA_0971 and AHA_4251. Therefore, this study indicates the important role of TonB-dependent receptor proteins during the bacterial antibiotics resistance evolution and may provide a new prophylactic strategy against the development of antibiotic resistance.

Automated summary

This study reveals the downregulation of energy metabolism-related proteins and upregulation of iron-related proteins in high OXY-resistant strains. Deletion of four TonB-dependent receptor-coded genes does not affect susceptibility to OXY, but shows different evolution rates in spontaneous OXY evolution compared with the wildtype strain, especially for AHA_0971 and AHA_4251. This suggests the important role of TonB-dependent receptor proteins in bacterial antibiotics resistance evolution and offers a potential new prophylactic strategy against antibiotic resistance development.