期刊
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
卷 25, 期 2, 页码 523-536出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jiec.13076
关键词
carbon emissions; decoupling; industrial ecology; material footprint; multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model; supply chains
资金
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [BMLFUW-UW.1.4.18/0054-I/2/2017]
- [T 949-G27]
The study found that the currently popular pursuit of material efficiency in Austria appears to run the risk of coinciding with higher emissions, suggesting that the opportunities to achieve both decarbonization and dematerialization are limited. While the Austrian service sectors could contribute to a reduction of the CO(2) footprint via material efficiency improvements, strong economic growth prevents this from happening. The Austrian economy would need to either curb demand for goods and services driving global CO(2) emissions or produce imported goods and services domestically in a more environmentally friendly manner.
To keep global heating and other negative consequences of socioeconomic activities within manageable boundaries, industrialized countries must undergo substantial decarbonization, requiring the exploitation of synergies with other environmental endeavors. Improving resource efficiency-that is, reducing the resources required to generate a unit of economic output-is a prominent goal pursued across levels of scale. How does resource efficiency relate to decarbonization? Do economies decrease their emissions as they become more efficient? We examine this relationship for Austria from 2000 to 2015 by conducting an index decomposition analysis at the sectoral level by using consumption-based indicators from the multi-regional input-output model Exiobase. Our analysis shows that for Austria, the currently popular pursuit of material efficiency appears to run the risk of coinciding with higher emissions, suggesting that the opportunities to achieve both decarbonization and dematerialization are limited. The Austrian service sectors could contribute to a reduction of the CO(2)footprint via material efficiency improvements, but strong economic growth foils this possibility coming to fruition. The Austrian economy would do well to either curb demand for goods and services driving global CO(2)emissions or to produce imported goods and services domestically in an environmentally more benign manner.
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