期刊
CONTACT DERMATITIS
卷 75, 期 4, 页码 213-222出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/cod.12616
关键词
alcohol-based hand rub; allergic contact dermatitis; contact allergy; hand cleanser; hand wash; irritant contact dermatitis; nurses; patch test; preservatives; rubber chemicals; rubber gloves
资金
- Australasian College of Dermatologists
- Skin and Cancer Foundation Inc., Melbourne
Background. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk of developing occupational skin disease (OSD). Objectives. To ascertain the causes of OSD in Australian HCWs in a tertiary referral clinic. Methods. A retrospective review was performed of patients assessed at the Occupational Dermatology Clinic in Melbourne from 1993 to 2014. Results. Of 685 HCWs assessed in the clinic over a period of 22 years, 555 (81.0%) were diagnosed with OSD. The most common diagnosis was irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) (79.1%), followed by allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) (49.7%). Natural rubber latex allergy was also relatively frequent (13.0%). The major substances causing ACD were rubber glove chemicals (thiuram mix and tetraethylthiuram disulfide), preservatives (formaldehyde, formaldehyde releasers, and isothiazolinones), excipients in hand cleansers, which are hard-to-avoid weak allergens, and antiseptics. ACD caused by commercial hand cleansers occurred more frequently than ACD caused by alcohol-based hand rubs (ABHRs). Occupational ICD was mostly caused by water/wet work and hand cleansers, and environmental irritants such as heat and sweating. Conclusions. Understanding the causes of OSD in HCWs is important in order to develop strategies for prevention. We suggest that skin care advice should be incorporated into hand hygiene education. The use of ABHRs should be encouraged, weak allergens in skin cleansers should be substituted, and accelerator-free gloves should be recommended for HCWs with OSD.
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