期刊
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
卷 236, 期 5, 页码 3660-3674出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30103
关键词
all-trans-retinal; complement alternative pathway; complement factor B; interleukin-1 beta; retinal pigment epithelium
资金
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFA0107301, 2019YFA0111200]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81700864]
- Fujian Medical University Startup Fund [XRCZX2019007]
The accumulation of all-trans-retinal (atRAL) has been proposed as a pathogenic factor in Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The study showed that atRAL induced complement activation through the alternative pathway in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, and led to the production of interleukin-1 beta. Inhibition of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways ameliorated complement activation in RPE cells, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for macular degeneration.
The underlying mechanisms of complement activation in Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are not fully understood. Overaccumulation of all-trans-retinal (atRAL) has been proposed as the pathogenic factor in both diseases. By incubating retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells with atRAL, we showed that C5b-9 membrane attack complexes (MACs) were generated mainly through complement alternative pathway. An increase in complement factor B (CFB) expression as well as downregulation of complement regulatory proteins CD46, CD55, CD59, and CFH were observed in RPE cells after atRAL treatment. Furthermore, interleukin-1 beta production was provoked in both atRAL-treated RPE cells and microglia/macrophages. Coincubation of RPE cells with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra) and atRAL ameliorated complement activation and downregulated CFB expression by attenuating both p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways. Our findings demonstrate that atRAL induces an autocrine/paracrine IL-1/IL-1R signaling to promote complement alternative pathway activation in RPE cells and provide a novel perspective on the pathomechanism of macular degeneration.
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