On bio-convection thermal radiation in Darcy - Forchheimer flow of nanofluid with gyrotactic motile microorganism under Wu's slip over stretching cylinder/plate

Purpose The purpose of this study is to discuss the Darcy-Forchheimer nanoliquid bio-convection flow by stretching cylinder/plate with modified heat and mass fluxes, activation energy and gyrotactic motile microorganism features. Design/methodology/approach The proposed flow model is based on flow rate, temperature of nanomaterials, volume fraction of nanoparticles and gyrotactic motile microorganisms. Heat and mass transport of nanoliquid is captured by the usage of popular Buongiorno relation, which allows us to evaluate novel characteristics of thermophoresis diffusion and Brownian movement. Additionally, Wu's slip (second-order slip) mechanisms with double stratification are incorporated. For numerical and graphical results, the built-in bvp4c technique in computational software MATLAB along with shooting technique is used. Findings The influence of key elements is illustrated pictorially. Velocity decays for higher magnitude of first- and second-order velocity slips and bioconvection Rayleigh number. The velocity of fluid has an inverse relation with mixed convection parameter and local inertia coefficient. Temperature field enhances with the increase in estimation of thermal stratification Biot number and radiation parameter. A similar situation for concentration field is observed for mixed convection parameter and concentration relaxation parameter. Microorganism concentration profile decreases for higher values of bioconvection Lewis number and Peclet number. A detail discussion is given to see how the graphical aspects justify the physical ones. Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, original research work is not yet available in existing literature.

Automated summary

This study discusses the Darcy-Forchheimer nanoliquid bio-convection flow on stretching cylinder/plate, considering modified heat and mass fluxes, activation energy, and gyrotactic motile microorganism features. Numerical results illustrate the influence of key elements on the flow, showing velocity decreases with higher magnitude of first- and second-order velocity slips and bioconvection Rayleigh number, and an inverse relation with mixed convection parameter and local inertia coefficient. The study also highlights the novel characteristics of thermophoresis diffusion and Brownian movement in nanoliquid, providing valuable insights for future research in this area.