期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 21, 期 18, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186897
关键词
brown algae; Fucus vesiculosus; marine bioactives; phenolic compounds; phlorotannins; anti-inflammatory; antioxidant; Raw 264; 7
资金
- PTDC/BAA-AGR/31015/2017
- Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization-POCI, within the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)
- Science and Technology Foundation (FCT)
- Science and Technology Foundation/Ministry of Education and Science (FCT/MEC) [UIDB/50006/2020]
- FEDER, within the Portugal 2020
- Centro2020, through FEDER [CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000001]
- PT2020
- FCT [PD/BD/114577/2016]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PD/BD/114577/2016] Funding Source: FCT
Due to their large spectrum of bioactive properties, much attention has recently been drawn to phlorotannins-i.e., phenolic compounds characteristic from brown macroalgae. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of F. vesiculosus phlorotannin extracts and purified fractions. Overall, the crude extract and its ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAc) showed good radical scavenging activity, particularly towards nitric oxide (NO center dot). Subsequent subfractions of EtOAc (F1 to F9) with different molecular weights were then shown to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced NO center dot production in macrophages, with stronger effects being observed for fractions of lower MWs. Of the three intracellular markers analyzed, inducible NO center dot synthase showed the highest sensitivity to almost all the phlorotannin-rich samples, followed by interleukin 1 beta and cyclooxygenase 2, which was only inhibited by F2. Furthermore, this subfraction inhibited the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory protein kappa B alpha, thus preventing the activation of NF-kappa B and blocking the inflammatory cascade at the transcriptional level. This sample was characterized by the presence of a major compound with a deprotonated molecular ion at m/z 507 with a fragmentation pattern coherent with that of a phlorotannin derivative. Overall, this work unveiled some of the mechanistic aspects behind the anti-inflammatory capacity of phlorotannins from F. vesiculosus, endorsing its use as a possible natural source of anti-inflammatory compounds.
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