期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 21, 期 16, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165913
关键词
Lysyl Oxidase-Like 2 (LOXL2); epigenetics; DNA methylation; fibrosis; cardiovascular disease (CVD)
资金
- South Africa Medical Research Council's Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform baseline
- Division of Research Capacity Development Internship Scholarship
- Intra-mural Post-Doctoral Scholarship Program
- National Research Foundation (NRF) Thuthuka Programme [107261]
- Competitive program for Rated Researchers (CPRR) [120812]
- NRF, Professional Development Programme (PDP) [104912]
- NRF [117829]
- NRF Extension grant [12098]
- South African Rooibos Council grant
- NRF echocardiograph large equipment Grant at the University of Cape Town
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death worldwide. CVD pathophysiology is often characterized by increased stiffening of the heart muscle due to fibrosis, thus resulting in diminished cardiac function. Fibrosis can be caused by increased oxidative stress and inflammation, which is strongly linked to lifestyle and environmental factors such as diet, smoking, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. These factors can affect gene expression through epigenetic modifications. Lysyl oxidase like 2 (LOXL2) is responsible for collagen and elastin cross-linking in the heart, and its dysregulation has been pathologically associated with increased fibrosis. Additionally, studies have shown that, LOXL2 expression can be regulated by DNA methylation and histone modification. However, there is a paucity of data on LOXL2 regulation and its role in CVD. As such, this review aims to gain insight into the mechanisms by which LOXL2 is regulated in physiological conditions, as well as determine the downstream effectors responsible for CVD development.
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