期刊
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
卷 78, 期 1, 页码 451-467出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsaa112
关键词
aquaculture; bioremediation; blue growth; brown seaweed or kelp cultivation and preservation; climate change mitigation; environmental impacts; eutrophication mitigation; life cycle assessment; marine bioeconomy
资金
- Swedish Research Council Formas [2013-92]
- Swedish Energy Agency as a part of the Kelpi project [45929-1]
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research (MISTRA) within the AquaAgri programme [DIA 2013/75]
- Brazilian Science without Borders [BEX 9714-13-8]
The study highlights the potential positive impact of seaweed cultivation and processing industries on environmental sustainability, particularly in mitigating eutrophication and climate change. Within the supply chain, freezing and air-cabinet drying, which are the most energy-intensive processes, have the largest emissions impact, while low-energy methods like ensilage and hang-drying outdoors have relatively small impact shares.
Seaweed cultivation and processing industries could contribute to sustainable blue growth and the European bioeconomy. This article contributes a case study evaluation of environmental sustainability of preserved brown seaweed Saccharina latissima by means of environmental life cycle assessment of a pilot facility in Sweden. The study accounts for nutrient bioremediation and carbon capture and includes two alternative hatchery processes, a 2-ha longline cultivation, and four alternative preservation methods (hang-drying outdoors, heated air-cabinet drying, ensiling, and freezing). The study found that as a result of carbon capture and nitrogen and phosphorus uptake (bioremediation) by seaweed, more CO2 and PO4 equivalents are (temporarily) absorbed than emitted by the supply chain. The extent of emissions is most affected by preservation methods undertaken. Impact profiles of the supply chain show that the greatest impact shares result from freezing and air-cabinet drying, both the two most energy-intensive processes, followed by the cultivation infrastructure, highlighting strategic optimization opportunities. Hatchery processes, harvesting, and the low-energy ensilage and hang-drying outdoors were found to have relatively small impact shares. These findings presage the environmentally friendliness of seaweed-based products by documenting their potential to mitigate eutrophication and climate change, even when taking a life cycle perspective.
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