期刊
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
卷 202, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110933
关键词
Parabens; Fingernail; Personal care products; Human exposure
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21876084, 21677167]
- Thousand Young Talents Program of China
- Shenzhen Basic Research Program
Parabens are used as antimicrobial preservatives in a range of consumer products. However, very limited information is available about the association between use of personal care products and paraben burden in human tissues. Accumulation of parabens in some non-destructive biomarkers (such as human fingernail) is essential for paraben biomonitoring. In this study, 50 human fingernail samples were collected from Nanjing, China. A subset of participants (n = 32) also provided their face cream samples (as the representative of personal care products). Six parabens, including methyl-(MeP), ethyl-(EtP), propyl-(PrP), butyl-(BuP), heptyl-(HeP), and benzylparabens (BzP), together with their major metabolites were measured in the fingernail and face cream samples. Total concentrations of parabens and their major metabolites were 39.9-27400 ng/g in fingernails. MeP, PrP and EtP were the three dominant parabens in fingernails with median values of 3140, 1290, and 127 ng/g, respectively. Significantly higher levels in female fingernails than those in male fingernails were observed for MeP, PrP, EtP, BuP, and the MeP metabolite (methyl protocatechuate, OH-MeP) (p < 0.05). Adult fingernails contained greater concentrations of MeP and PrP than juvenile fingernails (p < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed for EtP (R = 0.36, p < 0.05) and BuP (R = 0.48, p = 0.008) concentrations between the fingernail and face cream samples. Our work is a preliminary study trying to explore the quantitative relationship between paraben concentrations in human body and use of personal care products. The result here provides a direct evidence that use of personal care products is one of the major sources for human exposure to parabens.
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