期刊
ECOLOGY LETTERS
卷 24, 期 1, 页码 94-101出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ele.13625
关键词
Aquatic ecosystem; ecosystem recovery; enriched ecosystems; hysteresis; model ecosystems; nonlinear dynamics; regime shifts; Sarracenia purpurea
类别
资金
- National Science Foundation [1144055, 1144056]
- Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [P20GM103449]
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1144055, 1144056] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Incremental increases in driver variables, such as nutrients or detritus, can lead to abrupt shifts in aquatic ecosystems that exhibit diverse hysteretic responses, which require different management strategies to address the effects of high versus low rates of detrital enrichment.
Incremental increases in a driver variable, such as nutrients or detritus, can trigger abrupt shifts in aquatic ecosystems that may exhibit hysteretic dynamics and a slow return to the initial state. A model system for understanding these dynamics is the microbial assemblage that inhabits the cup-shaped leaves of the pitcher plantSarracenia purpurea. With enrichment of organic matter, this system flips within three days from an oxygen-rich state to an oxygen-poor state. In a replicated greenhouse experiment, we enriched pitcher-plant leaves at different rates with bovine serum albumin (BSA), a molecular substitute for detritus. Changes in dissolved oxygen (DO) and undigested BSA concentration were monitored during enrichment and recovery phases. With increasing enrichment rates, the dynamics ranged from clockwise hysteresis (low), to environmental tracking (medium), to novel counter-clockwise hysteresis (high). These experiments demonstrate that detrital enrichment rate can modulate a diversity of hysteretic responses within a single aquatic ecosystem, and suggest different management strategies may be needed to mitigate the effects of high vs. low rates of detrital enrichment.
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