期刊
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
卷 156, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2020.105959
关键词
Activated sludge; Treatment wetland; Greenhouse gas emissions; Life cycle assessment; Winery wastewater
资金
- European Regional Development Fund (Interreg V-B SUDOE programme) [WETWINE SOE1/P5/E0300]
- Ministry of Education and Culture (MECD) (Spain) [FPU16/01491]
- Government of Catalonia [2017 SGR 1029]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [RYC-2016-20059]
- WETWINE consortium
The aim of this study was to estimate the carbon footprint (CFP) of constructed wetlands for winery wastewater treatment. In particular, a constructed wetland scenario was compared to the previous scenario (third-party management) and to an activated sludge system. CFP considered both indirect and direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions measured on-site. Moreover, an economic analysis of the considered scenarios was also addressed. The results showed that the constructed wetland scenario had the lowest CFP (1.2 kg CO(2)eq m(water)(-3)), while the third-party management was the worst scenario (52 kg CO(2)eq m(water)(-3)) followed by the activated sludge system (4.5 kg CO(2)eq m(water)(-3)). This was mainly due to the high GHG emissions generated by wastewater and sludge transportation as well as chemicals and electricity consumption in the third-party and activated sludge scenarios compared to the constructed wetlands. In terms of costs, the constructed wetland system was shown to be a lowcost technology which would reduce the capital, operation and maintenance costs associated with winery wastewater treatment up to 50% and 98%, respectively. Finally, constructed wetlands are low-cost and environmentally friendly technologies which constitute a sustainable alternative to conventional solutions for winery wastewater treatment.
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