Functionalized exosome harboring bioactive molecules for cancer therapy

Exosomes are nanosized vesicles with a lipid membrane that are secreted by most cells and play a crucial role as intermediates of intercellular communication because they carry bioactive molecules. Exosomes are promising for drug delivery of chemicals, proteins, and nucleic acids owing to their inherent properties such as excellent biocompatibility, high tumor targetability, and prolonged circulation in vivo. In this review, we cover recent approaches and advances made in the field of exosome-mediated delivery of bioactive molecules for cancer therapy and factors that affect the clinical use of exosomes. This review can be used as a guideline for further study in expanding the utility of therapeutic exosomes.