期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY, VOL 72
卷 72, 期 -, 页码 1-36出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-072720-094140
关键词
forgetting; inhibitory control; prefrontal cortex; memory suppression; emotion regulation
资金
- UKMedical Research Council [MC-A060-5PR00]
- Tom Slick Research Award in Consciousness from the Mind Science Foundation
- MRC [MC_UU_00005/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Psychologists have discussed the possible mechanisms behind forgetting for the past century and recent research has shown that active forgetting does not only impact the forgetting of specific memories, but can also lead to periods of forgetfulness in healthy individuals. New work has extended the concept of active forgetting to nonhuman animals, hinting at the development of a multi-level mechanistic account spanning cognitive, systems, network, and even cellular levels.
Over the past century, psychologists have discussed whether forgetting might arise from active mechanisms that promote memory loss to achieve various functions, such as minimizing errors, facilitating learning, or regulating one's emotional state. The past decade has witnessed a great expansion in knowledge about the brain mechanisms underlying active forgetting in its varying forms. A core discovery concerns the role of the prefrontal cortex in exerting top-down control over mnemonic activity in the hippocampus and other brain structures, often via inhibitory control. New findings reveal that such processes not only induce forgetting of specific memories but also can suppress the operation of mnemonic processes more broadly, triggering windows of anterograde and retrograde amnesia in healthy people. Recent work extends active forgetting to nonhuman animals, presaging the development of a multilevel mechanistic account that spans the cognitive, systems, network, and even cellular levels. This work reveals how organisms adapt their memories to their cognitive and emotional goals and has implications for understanding vulnerability to psychiatric disorders.
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