Differences in outcomes of bilateral adrenalectomy in patients with ectopic ACTH producing tumor of known and unknown origin

Background: Endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS) can be caused by ectopic corticotropin-producing tumors of known (EK) and unknown origin (EU). Bilateral adrenalectomy (BA) can be used as definite treatment of hypercortisolism in such cases. This study compared patients undergoing BA for CS secondary to EK vs EU. Methods: Retrospective review (1995-2017) of patients undergoing BA due to EK or EU. We analyzed demographic characteristics, laboratory values, intraoperative variables, surgical outcomes, and survival. Results: 48 patients (26 EU, 22 EK) were identified. Serum cortisol and ACTH concentrations were similar. 92% of BA for EU were performed minimally invasively vs 77% for EK, P = 0.22. Complications occurred in 19% of EU and 4.5% EK, P = 0.2. Mean survival was 4.3 years for EU and 4.0 years for EK without difference in all-cause mortality P = 0.63. Conclusion: BA cure rate was 100% for CS in EU and EK. Morbidity, long term and all-cause mortality differences were not statistically significant between EK and EU. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This study compared 48 patients undergoing BA for CS secondary to EK vs EU, with similar results in serum cortisol and ACTH concentrations. There was a higher percentage of EU BA performed minimally invasively, but it was not statistically significant. Complications, long term survival, and all-cause mortality did not show significant differences between EU and EK.