NIR Light-Driven Bi2Se3-Based Nanoreactor with Three in One Hemin-Assisted Cascade Catalysis for Synergetic Cancer Therapy

Photocatalytic semiconductor-based nanoreactors, that convert nontoxic molecules into toxic ones for cancer therapy, have attracted great interest. However, its therapeutic efficiency is limited by the fast electron-hole recombination within a narrow bandgap, low oxidative damage of H(2)O(2)(,)and tumor hypoxia. Herein, aggregation-limited hemin is introduced onto Bi(2)Se(3)nanoparticles for successively solving these problems. The nanoreactor (Bi2Se3@hemin-(G-H)-HA NPs) is obtained through adamantane modified hemin and beta-cyclodextrin modified hyaluronic acid complexing and wrapping on Bi(2)Se(3)NPs via host-guest and electrostatic interaction. Once irradiated by NIR light, the hemin assists Bi(2)Se(3)to separate electron-hole pairs and catalyze endogenous H2O to generate vast H2O2, resulting in a 3.9-fold higher H(2)O(2)generation than that of individual Bi2Se3. Subsequently, H(2)O(2)is catalyzed by aggregation-limited hemin to generate highly toxic center dot OH and center dot O-2(-), which improves the total reactive oxygen species generation of Bi2Se3@hemin-(G-H)-HA by 10.8-fold compared to that of Bi(2)Se(3)NPs. Importantly, the cytotoxicity result exhibits a death rate of HepG2 cells of above 90%, even though in a simulated hypoxic environment. Additionally, the in vivo result indicates this nanoreactor realizes an synergetic anticancer effect with a tumor inhibition rate of 92.3%. Overall, such a nanoreactor with hemin-assisted cascade catalysis is a promising candidate for improving therapeutic efficacy.