Class of Solid-like Electrolytes for Rechargeable Batteries Based on Metal-Organic Frameworks Infiltrated with Liquid Electrolytes

A new family of solid-like electrolytes was developed by infiltrating MIL-100(Al), an electrochemically stable metal-organic-framework (MOF) material, with liquid electrolytes that contain cations from the 3rd period (Na+, Mg2+, and Al3+) and the 1st group (Li+, Na+, K+, and Cs+). The anions were immobilized within the MOF scaffolds upon complexing with the open metal sites, allowing effective transport of the cations in the nanoporous channels with high conductivity (up to 1 mS cm-1) and low activation energy (down to 0.2 eV). This general approach enables the fabrication of superior conductive solid-like electrolytes beyond lithium ions.