Peasecod-Like Hollow Upconversion Nanocrystals with Excellent Optical Thermometric Performance

Trivalent lanthanide (Ln(3+))-doped hollow upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs) usually exhibit unique optical performance that cannot be realized in their solid counterparts, and thus have been receiving tremendous interest from their fundamentals to diverse applications. However, all currently available Ln(3+)-doped UCNCs are solid in appearance, the preparation of hollow UCNCs remains nearly untouched hitherto. Herein, a class of UCNCs based on Yb3+/Er3+-doped tetralithium zirconium octafluoride (Li4ZrF8:Yb/Er) featuring 2D layered crystal lattice is reported, which makes the fabrication of hollow UCNCs with a peasecod-like shape possible after Ln(3+)doping. By employing the first-principle calculations, the unique peasecod-like hollow nanoarchitecture primarily associated with the hetero-valence Yb3+/Er(3+)doping into the 2D layered crystal lattice of Li(4)ZrF(8)matrix is revealed. Benefiting from this hollow nanoarchitecture, the resulting Li4ZrF8:Yb/Er UCNCs exhibit an abnormal green upconversion luminescence in terms of the population ratio between two thermally coupled states ((2)H(11/2)and(4)S(3/2)) of Er(3+)relative to their solid Li2ZrF6:Yb/Er counterparts, thereby allowing to prepare the first family of hollow Ln(3+)-doped UCNCs as supersensitive luminescent nanothermometer with almost the widest temperature sensing range (123-800 K). These findings described here unambiguously pave a new way to fabricate hollow Ln(3+)-doped UCNCs for numerous applications.