期刊
ADVANCED SCIENCE
卷 7, 期 17, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001492
关键词
electrochemistry; molten salt; silica; silicon nanotubes; silver chloride
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51722404, 51674177, 51804221, 91845113]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFE0201703]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M642906, 2019T120684]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2042017kf0200]
- Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [2019CFA065]
Silicon, with its elaborate microstructure, plays important roles in energy materials. In operando engineering of microstructure during extraction is an ideal protocol to develop advanced Si-based materials. A template-free electrochemical preparation of silicon nanotubes (Si-NT) is herein achieved by co-electrolysis of SiO(2)and AgCl in molten NaCl-CaCl(2)at 850 degrees C. The in situ electrodeposited Ag facilitates the generation of a liquid Ag-Si intermediate, triggering a liquid-solid mechanism to direct the growth of Si-NT. An automatic separation of Ag from Si then occurs in the following cooling process, resulting in Ag deposits on the Ni current collector and recycling of Ag. Such a facile and smart preparation of Si-NT from affordable silica guarantees an enhanced current efficiency of 74%, a decreased energy consumption of 12.1 kW h kg(Si)(-1), and enhanced lithium-storage capability of the electrolytic Si-NT. An in situ coating of Ag over the Si-NT can also be fulfilled by simply introducing soluble AgCl in the melts. The present study provides a template-free preparation and an in situ surface modification of Si-NT.
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