期刊
ATMOSPHERE
卷 11, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/atmos11080778
关键词
CO(2)emissions; environmental Kuznets curve; partial adjustment model; primary energy; seemingly unrelated regression equations
资金
- Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
- ERDF [RTI2018-095484-B-I00]
We analyze the relationship of CO(2)emissions per capita and primary energy per capita with gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and other relevant variables in Colombia for the period 1971-2017. Two partial adjustment models are estimated through the seemingly unrelated regression equations method. There is a decrease in these environmental pressures during some years of the period. However, the results reject the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis and indicate that economic growth is still linked to an increase in these environmental pressures in Colombia. Moreover, a linear relationship between both indicators and GDP per capita is not rejected. Several factors explain the changes in energy consumption and emissions over time, the policies applied being crucial. Some determinants that helped to control these environmental pressures are the change in primary energy source composition, which entailed primary energy savings and a reduction in CO(2)emissions, as well as the regulations aimed at controlling CO(2)emissions from the transport and industrial sectors.
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